Powers Subject Index



Links (in this web): Powers Home Page subject index site map & outline reading list instructor technical FAQ copyright notice READINGS for Powers of Literature (with Lesson numbers): 1. Genesis 1 Creation Story 1. Genesis 11 Babel Story 2. Odyssey 8 Odysseus' voyage 1 3. Iliad 1-2 Achilles' anger 4. Iliad 9 Mission to Achilles 4. Peleus & Thetis ancient sources 5. *Iliad 15 ff* Death of Patroklos 6. *Iliad 20 ff* Burial of Hektor 7. *Odyssey 13-18* Return of Odysseus 8. *Odyssey 20-24* City of Dreams 9. *Life of Alexander* the Homeric king *10.* Origins of writing ancient sources *11.* *Plato, Euthyphro* Socrates gets busted *12.* *Plato, Apology* Socrates on trial *13.* *Plato, Crito* Socrates in jail *14. Plato, Phaedo* Socrates in heaven *15. Luke, Acts* Paul does Christ 16. Saint Francis gospel without text *17. Chretien, The Knight of the Cart* Sire Lance's genes 18. Virgil, Aeneid Aeneas & Dido	*subject index*

	Search Powers of Literature by subject or key word in the list below on this page. The home page includes a general *site map. For best understanding of the course, follow the lessons in number order as shown on the site map or lesson list.*.	A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
	A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A Aaron (Moses and the burning bush); (prophetic eloquence) Abel (in Genesis); (patriarchs of Judaism) Abraham (and Isaac in Genesis); (multitude of children); (Palestine promised by the Lord); (patriarchs of Judaism) Academy (Plato's school); (date founded); (the origin of academic life); (Socratic dialogues as advertising for the Academy); (Hekademos); (topographical symbolism); (Athenian charter to the Academy); (Plato's Academy as a supper club or cafe); (academic freedom); (think tank for politics); (Christian Emperor Justinian destroys the Academy); (Socrates as idealized teacher); (Platonic education); (Aristophanes' Clouds and smearing of Socrates' reputation); (cyber-school); (the Academy as an institution for cortical control); Accident (no accidents in Homer) Acculturation (defined) Achaeans (city-sacking pirates); (in Trojan War); (classical Athens as an Achaean pirate state); (Christian church at Achaea founded by Paul) Acheron (lake of necromancy); (river of compulsions in Dante's Inferno) Achilles (the hunter becomes the prey); (identification of Achilles with Hektor); (guilt in Homeric warriors); (Achilles strength is his magic); (anger subject of the Iliad); (anger with Agamemnon); (David painting of anger); (Achilles' first prayer); (Achilles' culture); (as bard); (confident in slaying Hektor); (cult of Achilles in the Iliad); (mission to Achilles); (rejects heroism); (the choice of Achilles); (meaning of name "Achilles"); (as son of Peleus and Thetis); (Achilles choice between parents); (Oedipus complex); (and Jesus); (Achilles' heel); (killed by Paris and Apollo); (Achilles second prayer); (Achilles as creative creature); (graphic image fighting with Athena); (fated not to sack Troy); (Achilles' ashes to be buried with Patroklos); (Patroklos story is magical for Achilles); (god like); (graphic image slaying foe); (divine armor); (miraculous shield); (reconciliation with Agamemnon); (serves as paid mercenary in Trojan War); (fed with ambrosia, food of the gods); (magic war cry); (destined to be slain by Apollo's arrows); (Achilles as creative creature); (Achilles is no behavioral role model); (Achilles line of descent); (combat with Hektor); (treats Hektor as an animal); (Achilles sympathy with Patroklos); (Achilles bitterness toward Zeus); (Achilles possessed by Patroklos hero-spirit); (funeral of Achilles); (in the City of Dreams, Hades); (Achilles as prototype action hero); (extermination of Achilles' line of descent); (story of Meleager affects Patroklos but not Achilles); (Alexander the Great as descendant of Achilles); (Neoptolemus as asserted son of Achilles); (Socrates makes "the choice of Achilles"); (character of Achilles); (Jesus makes "the choice of Achilles"); (sensory or passive character description) Acting (literary critics pretend to speak for poets); (acting the part of a philosopher); (impersonation of spirits in prophecy generally); (impersonation of God in Christian preaching); (acting in the Book of Acts); (Francis performs Jesus) Action (Achilles as prototype man of action); (nouns and verbs) Actium (battle ends Hellenistic Age); (ends Hellenistic Age) Acts of the Apostles (general information); (text); (Homeric features); (acting in the Book of Acts); (economics in original Christianity according to Acts); (persecution against Paul?) Adam (in Genesis); (naive figure in Genesis); (rebellion from God); (simulation or crash test dummy); (children); (compare Francis in "Canticle of the Creatures"); (patriarchs of the Jews); (sensory or passive character description); (medieval Eden story and free will); Adultery (in early literary romances) Advertising (Socratic dialogues as advertising for the Academy); (Alexandrian propaganda); (Francis stories and images as advertising for Franciscan shrine at Assisi) Advice (superstition and prophecy) Ægeus (father of Theseus and the Ægean Sea) Aegina, Temple of ("dying warrior" image) Aeolus, god of winds (and the windbag in the Odyssey) Aeneid, (Virgil's imitation of Homer); (internet links for Virgil and the Aeneid); (sensory or passive character description); (Virgil's Aeneid and Dante); (Aeneid as cult foundation myth of Roman Empire); Aeneas (to lead the Zeus cult after Trojan War); (guiltless); (Aeneas line of descent); (pious Aeneas); (sensory or passive character description); (Virgil's Aeneas); (genetic determinism); (morality of Virgil's Aeneas); (Carthage, Dido and Aeneas' survivor syndrome); Aeschines (disciple of Socrates) Aeschylus (Orestia and the Odyssey) Aesop (fables set in verse by Socrates); (Aesop's fables) Agamemnon (blind to spirits); (cause of plague); (abuse of power); (controlled by Achilles' magic); (gift offerings to Achilles); (conciliation with Achilles); (madness of Agamemnon); (anxiety, inferiority complex); (Agamemnon's line of descent); (in the City of Dreams, Hades); (extermination of Agamemnon's line of descent); (resurrected by Agesilaus of Sparta); ("death mask of Agamemnon"); Age (and youth) Agriculture (products belong to the gods and heroes) Ajax (on mission to Achilles) Alcestis (compared to The Knight of the Cart) Alexander the Great (founder of Alexandria); (love of Homer); (and the Indo-European Empire of the Bronze Age); (Plutarch's life of Alexander); (tomb of Alexander and the Iliad); (bust by Lysippus, Alexander's court sculptor); (fraudulent pedigree); (resources for study); (Alexander and Diogenes); (sensory or passive character description) Alexandria, Egypt (foundation myth of city); (Alexandrian culture) Alexandria, library (scholars establish texts of Homer); (library burned by zealots); (manuscripts of Homer); (Hellenic and Egyptian elements in the great library); (librarian priesthood establishes texts of Homer); (resources for study) Alkinoos (or good-mind in the Odyssey) Allegory or metaphoric action (in Homer); (allegory of Dante's Commedia); Alphabet (introduced into Greece); (borrowed by the Greeks from the Phoenicians) Amazons (resisted the Zeus-men with force) Amygdala (fight or flight expressions in Dante's Inferno); Amyntor (father of Phoenix in Iliad) Anagogical meaning (in the Bible and in Dante); Anaxagoras (philosopher who fled from trial) Ancestors (called heroes by the Hellenes); (number of generations descended from Zeus important for seniority); (Cecrops, first ancestor of Athens); (fraudulent pedigree of Alexander the Great); (Daedalus as hero ancestor of Socrates) Andromache (wife of Hektor in Homer); (and Hektor, foreboding) Angel (St Matthew and the Angel); (Francis receives stigmata) Anger (storms reflect anger of gods); (anger the subject of the Iliad); (in male behavior); (anger of spirits in hero worship); (of Odysseus hero spirit); (Odysseus' name means child of anger); (anger of Zeus at Athens); (gods became wrathful for impiety); (anger/love syndrome); (mammalian emotions in Inferno); (hostility in Dante's Inferno); Animals (hunting routine of predators); (victims and seekers for immortality through art); (food animals); (animal sacrifice and poetry); (cattle in the Odyssey); (Lotus Eaters as animals); (transforming animals into people); (story of animal killed in the hunt is the prototype of Hellenic story-telling); (animals acquire powers of human speech to tell their story); (animal sacrifice offered to human dead in Neolithic Age) ; (animal stories and children); ("dog" and animal name-calling); (animal herd as model for culture); (Achilles treats Hektor as animal); (Odysseus as a slaughtered animal); (cattle theme in the Odyssey); (deer hunting); (Hellenes use of horses and chariots); (early writing on animal skins); (animal vs spiritual states); (word "animal" from anima or spirit); (Minotaur in Plato); (Aesop's fables set in verse by Socrates); (Francis of Assisi preaching to animal brothers and sisters); (animals in Christmas manger scene); (romantic lovers as animals engaged in sexual selection); (sin or vice as human instinct adapted for pre-civilized living conditions); ("sin" or "vice" as human animal instinct); (the birds and the bees); (reptilian and mammalian brain in humans); Animation (from Latin anima, spirit) Anthropomorphic gods (of the Hellenes); (anthropomorphic God in Jesus Christ); Antigone, Sophocles (spiritual values); (summary of Antigone) Antikleia ("anti-fame," mother of Odysseus) Antinoos (the mindless rival in the Odyssey); (contrast with Hektor as victim) Antisthenes (disciple of Socrates, rival of Plato, founder of the Cynic philosophy); (cynic, teacher of Diogenes) Antony, Saint (follower of the gospel) Anytus (and prosecutors of Socrates); (banishment from Athens) Aphrodite (goddess of love); (mother of Aeneas in Virgil) Apollo (inspiration of poetry); (priest Chryses); (brings plague); (oracle Kalkhas); (control of plague); (oracle in Oedipus); (kills Achilles); (destined to kill Achilles with his arrows); (feast of Apollo or Death in the Odyssey); (bow hunter of deer); (god of Socrates); (Socrates as Apollo's swan); (god of Thesean festival at Athens); (Pythons, engastromiths or "in-the-belly speakers") Apollodorus (sentimental follower of Socrates) Apollodorus (mythographer, story of Peleus and Thetis); (story of Cadmus) Apollonius of Rhodes, Voyage of the Argo (Peleus story); (golden fleece) Apology, Plato (Socrates trial defense) Arcadia (remote mountain region); (Poussin's "Shepherds of Arcadia") Architecture (Romanesque style) Ares (god of war) Archaic period (Greece); (orientalizing style in art); (geometric style in art) Archaeology (can't find the past); (digs of ancient Greeks); (archaeological dig for Homer as parody of hero ritual); (empty formalism of archaeology); Argos (city state that is head of Achaean league in the Iliad); (Trojan War conducted for benefit of Argos) Aristippus (follower of Socrates who accepted fees) Aristocracy of European knighthood (Sir = Sire) Aristophanes (Lysistrata); (send up in Plato's Symposium); (The Clouds and smearing of Socrates' reputation); (Socrates' jury) Aristotle (founder of Lyceum); (founder of Aristotelian branch of philosophy); (approach to literature and Greek tragedy); (The Poetics); (imitation of action in Aristotle's theory of art); (Aristotle's Poetics); (Rembrandt's "Aristotle with bust of Homer"); (student at Plato's Academy) Armenia (Hellenic homeland) Armor (Achilles armor as disguise); (Achilles transformed by divine armor); (Achilles' shield and divine armor); (Achilles shield miraculous) Art (Paleolithic cave painting); (immortalization through art); (glory or fame through art); (appeals to sympathy); (Homeric song as performing art); (art for art's sake); (spaceless time and timeless space in arts); (funerary art); (Keats' Grecian Urn); (nudity in Hellenic art); (nude figures in Greek art); (Bronze Age); (art/nature dualism); (imitation of action in Aristotle's theory of art); (Plato's theory of art); (idealist theory in art); (Socrates' trial as spiritual contest between artist and censors); (Socrates use of art in dying); (Socrates is to be seen only in art); (acting the part of a philosopher); (the bust or severed head); (Francis of Assisi a favorite subject of artists); (religion as the art that still retains spirits); (queen of the arts); (Giotto's art); (patronage of art in Middle Ages); (the myth of the genes and biology of art); (arts as means to induce joy in Dante); Artemis (female Apollo, death-bringer to women); (Penelope's prayer for death); (bow huntress of deer) Arthur (future return of King Arthur to rule Britain); (adultery in Malory, Le Morte D'Arthur); (Chrétien de Troyes); (The Knight of the Cart, classic structure); (common literary features of romances); (evils of lust shown in Malory's Lancelot and Guinevere); (Arthur as historic figure from a preliterate age); (Arthurian timeline); (the Norman image of Arthur as loser); (passive Arthur); (Guinevere's biological justification); (more Arthurian reading); (Arthurian timeline) Artist (possessed seer in traditional society); (inspiration); (possessed by victim animal in Stone Age); (Socrates as magic artist escaping death); (roles of Virgil and Dante as imperialist artists) Asclepius (popular Hellenist god of healing) Asia Minor (Hellenic homeland) Assyria (conquers Israel); (Jonah preaches to the Assyrians); (Last Judgment in Isaiah); (siege of Jerusalem); (Ishtar and the underworld) Astronomy (studied by Pythagoreans) Astyanax (child of Hektor and Andromache in Homer) Ate (goddess who brings madness to Agamemnon) Athena (in the Parthenon) (Phidias' statue); (restrains Achilles' anger); (as wisdom or reason); (Athena and the centaur); (in Raphael's Knight's Dream); (image, with Achilles); (in control of the hero-spirit of Odysseus); (reveals "Odysseus" to Telemakhos); (Odysseus in Athena's service as death-bringer); (Athena and Poseidon as first gods at Athens); (Pallas Athena or political Athena) Athens (classical period); (democracy); (golden age); Peloponnesian War); (Thirty Tyrants); (Raphael's "School of Athens"); (fall of the Athenian empire); (theater of Dionysus); (Plato's mad world of Socrates); (Athenian culture exposed by Socrates as masquerade); (classical Athens as an Achaean pirate state); (democracy, conscience and soul searching in classical Athens); (Athens permits Plato's Academy); (Athenian charter to the Academy); (legal wrangling in classical Athens); (anger of Zeus at Athens); (Socrates' Athens is not a unified cult); (Theseus the father of Athenian politics); (Cecrops, first ancestor of Athens); (Athena and Poseidon as first gods at Athens); (Pallas Athena or political Athena); (the agora or marketplace of Athens); (picture gallery of ancient Athens); (Thesean festival at Athens, background to the death of Socrates); (Thesean festival ship); (Christian church at Athens said founded by Paul) Atrocities (in culture wars); (avoidance of responsibility through heroic madness); Attalus, King of Pergamum (and "The Dying Gaul") Augury (Kalkhas the augur); (and medicine); (Kalkhas' augury); (critics pretend to interpret remains of poets) Augustine (Confessions); (conversion to Christianity through Paul); (Augustine's sin/grace dualism); (sensory or passive character description) Augustus, see Caesar Augustus Aulis (scene of Achaeans' departure for Troy) Autobiography (in Augustine's Confessions); (Dante as subject of the Commedia); (the earliest autobiographies); (autobiographical meaning in Dante's Inferno); Autolykos (thief and grandfather to Odysseus in Odyssey); (thief and liar, explains Odysseus' behavior) Avernus, (lake of necromancy) B Babel (Genesis story); (Steiner, After Babel); (Pieter Bruegel painting); (Babel as Babylon) Babylon (Babylonians destroy the first temple of the Jews); (Babylonian exile of the Jews); (Babel as Babylon); (Ishtar and the underworld) Bacchus (god of wine) Baptism (early Christian initiation into the Holy Spirit); (John the Baptizer); (Jesus' baptism); (sensory or passive character description) Bards (singing for supper); (Demodocus); (appeals to sympathy); (singing inspired by gods); (Achilles sings as a bard); (restricted to telling the truth); (bardic method is prototype for history writing); (Phemios bard at Ithaca); (illiteracy and blindness); (dating from Bronze Age); (Homer's oral style); (Chrétien de Troyes as a medieval literary descendant of Homer); (Taliesin, Arthur's bard) Bede, Ecclesiastical History (story of Caedmon) Bertrand de Born (failure of intellect in Dante's Inferno); The Bell Jar, Sylvia Plath (cult fiction) Behavior (human behavior in Homer); (psychopathology in the Odyssey) ; (evasion of responsibility through heroic madness); (dualism of consciousness); (law as marketplace for behavior); (Christians living in fear of Doomsday); ("sin" and "vice"); (honor code in Chrétien de Troyes); (the birds and the bees); (human behavior analyzed in Dante's Inferno); Belief (required in all fiction and all history); (Socrates' belief in immortality) Beowulf (example of Old English and Age of Memory) Bernini (statue of Aeneas) Beroul, The Romance of Tristan and Iseult; (romantic lovers go "back to nature"); (Arthurian timeline) Bhagavad-Gita (and the ancient awakening of humanity) Bible (Genesis story of Creation); (Genesis story of Babel); (out of favor today); (Abraham and Isaac); (Jacob and Esau); (Noah's Flood); (prophets of Israel); (expulsion from paradise); (as cult book); (New Testament written in Greek); (dating for New Testament); (early Christian hymns); (faith in the Bible); (prophecy as organizing principle of the Bible); (patriarchs of Judaism); (prophets of New Testament); (truth of the Bible); (historical truth of the Bible); (readings about the New Testament); (Acts of the Apostles); (Moses and the burning bush); (Jesus' prophecy of the Son of Man); (classic structure in Exodus); (theme in Mark's gospel of non-recognition of Jesus' identity as God); (historical meaning in the Bible); (figural meaning in the Bible); (moral meaning in the Bible); (anagogical meaning in the Bible); bin Laden (attack on World Trade Center and Pentagon); (heroes of Islam); Biology (the myth of the genes and biology of art); (genetic determinism in Virgil's Aeneas) Birth (rebirth of souls in Pythagoreanism and Plato); (rebirth in Holy Spirit at Christian baptism) Blasphemy and sacrilege (in cultural wars); (tomb desecration and archaeology); Boadt, Lawrence (Reading the Old Testament) Boasting (Homeric warriors battle boasts) Boccaccio (Troy story, Il Filostrato) Bocklin, Arnold (painting "Isle of the Dead") Body (battles for corpses in the Iliad); (corpse kept from decay by ointment of ambrosia); (body/soul duality); Ptolemy hijacks Alexander's corpse); (the cult of Socrates is sustained by his mind, not his body); (body/soul dualism in the Phaedo); (life without the body); (anthropomorphic God in Jesus Christ); (human bodies conditioned by nature in the wild) Bonaventure, Saint (Major Life of St. Francis) Boniface VIII, Pope (in Dante's Inferno) Books (Age of Books); (and spread of British Empire); (book orientation of modern teachers of literature); (Giotto's art liberated illustrations and stories from books) Bosnia (cultural war atrocities) Botticelli, Sandro ("Athena and the Centaur") Brain (triune brain); (heaven and hell as places in the brain); (Dante's fraud beast Geryon as proto-image of triune brain); (Dante's "malice" as failure of cortex); (reptilian compulsions in Dante's Inferno); (mammalian emotions in Dante's Inferno); (hostility and fraud as malicious use of intellect in Dante's Inferno) Briseis (slave girl in the Iliad); (rape by Achilles); (Agamemnon shames Achilles); (restored to Achilles); (rape of Briseis) Britain (Arthurian timeline) British Empire (spread during Age of Books) Broadcast media (radio, TV, film)